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1.
Acta cir. bras ; 30(8): 537-541, Aug. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-757984

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:To describe the dog as a model for studying laparoscopic correction of experimental diaphragmatic ruptures.METHODS: Five male dogs were used in this study. Under laparoscopic approach, a defect of 7cm was created on the left ventral insertion of the diaphragm. Fourteen days after this procedure, the abdomen was explored using laparoscopic access and the diaphragmatic defect was corrected with intracorporeal suture. The dislocated organs, surgical time, and suturing time were recorded. Analgesia and clinical condition were monitored during the postoperative period.RESULTS:All animals recovered well from the diaphragmatic rupture creation. After 14 days, abdominal organs (liver, spleen, omentum and/or intestine) were found inside the thoracic cavity in all animals. It was possible to reposition the organs and suture the defect by laparoscopic access in three animals. These animals showed excellent postoperative recovery. It was not possible to reposition the liver safely when it was friable.CONCLUSIONS:Laparoscopic creation of diaphragmatic rupture in dogs is feasible. Dogs are a good model for training and studying the correction of experimentally created diaphragmatic rupture by the laparoscopic approach. A friable liver is a complicating factor that should be taken into account. Animals submitted to laparoscopic correction showed excellent postoperative recovery.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Male , Disease Models, Animal , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/surgery , Laparoscopy/methods , Feasibility Studies , Postoperative Period , Reproducibility of Results , Rupture/etiology , Rupture/surgery , Suture Techniques , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
2.
Medwave ; 13(2)mar. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-679687

ABSTRACT

Introducción: las hernias diafragmáticas traumáticas se producen después de un traumatismo cerrado o penetrante. El caso que se reporta en el presente trabajo constituye un diagnóstico incidental e inusual en la clínica para especialistas y personal en formación. Caso clínico: se presenta una mujer con historia de trauma toraco-abdominal por accidente de tránsito hace 30 años, con imagen radiopaca en la radiografía de tórax en la base pulmonar derecha en ocasión de afección respiratoria. La persistencia de la imagen después de tratamiento y remisión del cuadro, hizo posible el diagnóstico incidental de hernia diafragmática por tomografía axial computarizada. Discusión: un alto índice de sospecha es esencial durante la evaluación inicial del paciente con trauma toraco-abdominal contuso o penetrante. Conclusiones: las hernias diafragmáticas postraumáticas representan un desafío clínico y quirúrgico para su diagnóstico.


Introduction. Traumatic diaphragmatic hernias occur after blunt or penetrating trauma. The case reported in this article is an incidental and unusual diagnosis in clinical practice. Case. We report a woman with a history of thoraco-abdominal trauma from a road accident that occurred 30 years ago. In the chest X-ray we found a radioopacity in the right lung base resulting from a respiratory infection. The image persisted in spite of effective treatment for the underlying respiratory condition, which made us suspect a diaphragmatic hernia corroborated by computed tomography. Discussion. A high level of suspicion is essential for the initial evaluation of patients with blunt or penetrating thoraco-abdominal trauma. Conclusions. Traumatic diaphragmatic hernias constitute a clinical challenge both for diagnosis and surgical treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic , Abdominal Injuries/complications , Thoracic Injuries/complications , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/diagnosis , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Incidental Findings , Rupture , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
3.
Rev. medica electron ; 32(5)sept.-oct. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-616129

ABSTRACT

La hernia diafragmática traumática constituye un problema poco frecuente para el cirujano general, necesitándose un elevado índice de sospecha para su diagnóstico, especialmente en los pacientes portadores de un trauma cerrado. Se presenta un paciente masculino de 40 años de edad, portador de una hernia diafragmática traumática formada por estómago y epiplón mayor, secundaria a un trauma toroco-abdominal en accidente automovilístico, en el que se práctica video toracoscopía izquierda, que permite realizar el diagnóstico correcto. Se exponen los datos clínicos del paciente, su manejo, tratamiento quirúrgico efectuado y su posterior evolución...


Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is a little frequent problem for the general surgeon, needing a high level of suspicion for the diagnosis, especially in patients carrying a closed trauma. We present the case of a male, 40-years-old patient, with a traumatic diaphragmatic hernia formed by stomach and greater omentum, secondary to a thoraco-abdominal trauma in automobile accident. A left video thoracoscopy allows arriving to the correct diagnosis. We expose the clinical data of the patient, his management, the surgical treatment applied and his subsequent evolution...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Accidents, Traffic , Contusions/complications , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/surgery , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/diagnosis , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/rehabilitation , Intensive Care Units
4.
Clinics ; 63(5): 695-700, 2008.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-495047

ABSTRACT

The most challenging diagnostic issue in the management of thoracoabdominal wounds concerns the assessment of asymptomatic patients. In almost one-third of such cases, diaphragmatic injuries are present even in the absence of any clear clinical signs. The sensitivity of noninvasive diagnostic tests is very low in this situation, and acceptable methods for diagnosis are limited to videolaparoscopy or videothoracoscopy. However, these procedures are performed under general anesthesia and present real, and potentially unnecessary, risks for the patient. On the other hand, diaphragmatic hernias, which can result from unsutured diaphragmatic lesions, are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. In this paper, the management of asymptomatic patients sustaining wounds to the lower chest is discussed, with a focus on the diagnosis of diaphragmatic injuries and the necessity of suturing them.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Wounds, Penetrating/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/surgery , Sensitivity and Specificity , Treatment Outcome , Thoracic Injuries/etiology , Thoracic Injuries/surgery , Thoracoscopy/methods , Wounds, Penetrating/complications , Wounds, Penetrating/surgery
5.
Acta méd. costarric ; 49(4): 219-222, oct-dic. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-581235

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso de un adulto mayor, conocido consumidor habitual de licor, con antecedente de politraumatismo por precipitación 11 meses atrás, e historia de sintomatología inespecífica y muerte súbita. Al realizarse la autopsia médico legal se encontró una hernia diafragmática traumática izquierda, con el estómago completamente dentro de la cavidad pleural de ese lado. La hernia diafragmática traumática es una complicación conocida y poco común del trauma toraco abdominal cerrado, que puede permanecer latente por períodos prolongados y pasar inadvertido en un adulto mayor, haciendo que su diagnóstico diferido sea un verdadero reto para el médico. Además, puede manifestarse súbitamente, en el peor de los casos, con la muerte. Desde el punto de vista médico legal, este caso constituye una excepción, pues se trata de una muerte súbita que no obedeció a causas naturales.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/diagnosis , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/mortality , Death, Sudden/etiology
6.
Cir. & cir ; 74(6): 425-429, nov.-dic. 2006. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-571243

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la rotura traumática del diafragma es una lesión infrecuente que aparece en politraumatismos o agresiones. Predomina en los varones entre 20 y 50 años de edad, siendo los accidentes de tráfico la principal causa en Europa. El diagnóstico preoperatorio requiere alto nivel de sospecha junto con las adecuadas exploraciones radiológicas. El retraso diagnóstico se asocia con elevada morbilidad y mortalidad, constituyendo la intervención quirúrgica inmediata un factor determinante para el éxito en el tratamiento de estos pacientes. El objetivo de este informe fue analizar la incidencia y epidemiología de la rotura traumática del diafragma en nuestro medio, y exponer nuestros resultados en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta lesión. Material y métodos: presentamos siete casos correspondientes al periodo 1999-2005 y analizamos el motivo de ingreso, la clínica, las formas de diagnóstico, las lesiones asociadas, el tratamiento y la evolución. Conclusiones: el diagnóstico de rotura diafragmática es difícil debido a su baja frecuencia y a su sintomatología variable, no obstante, debe ser considerado en todo paciente politraumatizado. La tomografía helicoidal es la exploración radiológica de elección y la vía de abordaje más adecuada es la laparotomía media.


BACKGROUND: Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture is an infrequent lesion usually found in polytrauma cases or after violent attacks. Patients are usually males between 20 and 50 years old, and car accidents are the main causes in Europe. Preoperative diagnosis must be based on a high level of suspicion and appropriate radiological explorations. Diagnostic delay is associated with high morbidity and mortality and early surgical treatment is required for successful management. We undertook this study to analyze the epidemiology of diaphragmatic rupture and to report our results in the diagnosis and treatment of this injury. METHODS: We present seven cases from 1999 through 2005. We analyzed the reasons for admission, signs and symptoms, diagnostic approach, associated lesions, treatment and course. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of diaphragmatic rupture is difficult due to changeable symptomatology; nevertheless, it must be considered in all polytraumatized patients. Computerized tomography is the radiological exploration of choice and the most suitable surgical approach is laparotomy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Diaphragm/injuries , Accidents, Traffic , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Chest Pain/etiology , Wounds, Stab/diagnosis , Wounds, Stab/surgery , Liver/injuries , Fractures, Bone/complications , Hemothorax/etiology , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/surgery , Incidence , Laparotomy , Retrospective Studies , Rupture , Splenic Rupture/complications , Splenic Rupture/surgery , Thoracotomy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Multiple Trauma/complications
7.
Cir. & cir ; 74(6): 415-423, nov.-dic. 2006. graf, tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-571244

ABSTRACT

Introducción: las hernias diafragmáticas traumáticas comúnmente ocurren posteriores a trauma penetrante cerrado. Debido a las lesiones coexistentes y a la naturaleza silenciosa de las lesiones diafragmáticas, el diagnóstico fácilmente se omite. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las características clínicas de pacientes consecutivos con hernias diafragmáticas traumáticas tratadas quirúrgicamente en nuestra institución. Material y métodos: cohorte prospectiva de pacientes tratados durante un periodo de seis años. Evaluamos edad, sexo, tipo de mecanismo del trauma, tipo de hernia, método diagnóstico, órganos herniados, lesiones asociadas, tiempo de evolución, morbilidad y mortalidad. Los resultados se describen como frecuencias y medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión. Se empleó χ2 y prueba exacta de Fisher para explorar asociación y riesgo. Resultados: se incluyeron 23 pacientes, 19 fueron hombres (82.6 %) y cuatro mujeres (17.4 %). En nueve pacientes (39.1 %) fueron diagnosticadas hernias diafragmáticas agudas y en 14, hernias crónicas (60.9 %). En 18 (78.3 %) el diagnóstico se hizo mediante radiografía de tórax y la mayoría correspondió a hernias crónicas. La historia médica de trauma toracoabdominal cerrado estuvo presente en 95.7 %, en la mayoría relacionado con accidentes vehiculares. Las principales lesiones asociadas fueron trauma encefálico, fracturas costales y contusión pulmonar. La morbilidad se observó en seis pacientes, todos con hernias crónicas. No hubo mortalidad. Conclusiones: la hernia diafragmática traumática es una entidad clínica poco frecuente y constituye un verdadero desafío debido a las dificultades para el rápido y correcto diagnóstico. En etapa crónica hay mayor riesgo para complicaciones tardías como estrangulamiento y necrosis de vísceras.


BACKGROUND: Traumatic diaphragmatic hernias commonly occur after blunt and penetrating trauma. Due to coexisting injuries and the silent nature of the diaphragmatic injuries, the diagnosis is easily missed. We undertook this study to describe the clinical characteristics of consecutive patients with traumatic diaphragmatic hernias treated surgically at our institution. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort of patients treated during a 6-year period. We assessed variables such as age, gender, type of mechanism of trauma, type of hernia, methods of diagnosis, herniated organs and associated lesions, time of evolution, morbidity and mortality. Results are described as frequencies, dispersion and central tendency measures. Chi(2) and Fisher's exact tests were used to explore association and risks. RESULTS: Twenty three patients were included, 19 men (82.6%) and 4 women (17.4%). Acute DTH were diagnosed in nine patients (39.1%) and 14 cases presented as chronic DTH (60.9%). In 18 cases (78.3%) the diagnosis was made by chest x-ray and most corresponded to chronic hernias. Medical history of blunt thoracoabominal trauma was present in 95.7% of the cases, most related to car accidents. The principal associated lesions were head injuries, rib fractures and lung contusion. morbidity was observed in six patients, all with chronic hernias. there was no mortality. CONCLUSIONS: DTH is a rare clinical entity and constitutes a true challenge due to difficulties for a rapid and correct diagnosis. In the chronic stage there is an increased risk for late complications such as visceral strangulation and necrosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/epidemiology , Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Chronic Disease , Cohort Studies , Comorbidity , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/epidemiology , Rib Fractures/epidemiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/etiology , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/diagnosis , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Mexico/epidemiology , Prospective Studies , Respiration Disorders/etiology , Multiple Trauma/epidemiology , Abdominal Injuries/epidemiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology , Thoracic Injuries/epidemiology
8.
Middle East Journal of Emergency Medicine [The]. 2006; 6 (2): 21-27
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-79693

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted in a level I trauma centre to review the outcome of surgical repair of Traumatic Diaphragmatic Rupture [TDR] and to identify the predictors of mortality and hospital stay. Between January 1990 and January 2001, consecutive patients with TDR and ISS [Injury Severity Score] > 12 were identified from a prospective trauma registry. Hospital charts of all eligible patients were reviewed for demographic data, mechanism of injury, mode of diagnosis, type of surgical repair, need for ventilatory support, ICU and hospital stay and mortality. We conducted a stepwise regression analysis [logistic regression for mortality, and multiple regressions for hospital stay]. Of the 59 patients included in the study 44 [75%] were males. Their mean age was 43 +/- 18 years and their average ISS was 39 +/- 15 Blunt injuries [85%] and left sided ruptures [73%] were the most common. Frontal and side impacts were equally distributed. Twenty eight [66%] patients were drivers. Forty five [79%] patients were ventilated following the diaphragm repair. A significantly higher proportion of patients with blunt injuries required ventilatory support compared with penetrating injuries [93% vs. 38%, p <0.05]. The mortality rate was 7%. Older age was a significant predictor of mortality [Odds ratio = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.1-1.4, P = 0.04]. ISS [Odds ratio =1.1, 95% CI = 0.98 -1.2, P = 0.08] and need for ventilation [Odds ratio=1.02, 95% CI = 0.97-1.12, P=0.09] revealed trends towards mortality, but were not statistically significant. Hospital stay was predicted by the ISS [B=0.09, P=0.05] score and need for postoperative ventilatory support [B=0.26, P=0.04]. This is the largest Canadian series from a single trauma centre. it revealed that older age is a major predictor of mortality whereas the need for ventilatory support did not predict the overall mortality


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/mortality , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Treatment Outcome , Length of Stay , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Respiration, Artificial
9.
Cir. Urug ; 75(1): 61-64, ene.-abr. 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-463063

ABSTRACT

La hernia diafragmática postesofagectomía transhiatal es una complicación excepcional, esto se debe a la escasa sobrevida a largo plazo de los cánceres de esófago y a lo oligosintomático del cuadro, hecho que dificulta su diagnóstico. Existen pocas comunicaciones en la literatura de habla inglesa al respecto. No encontramos publicaciones en nuestro medio. La resección circunferencial del hiato (realizada en los tumores de 1/3 inferior esofágico) crearía una mayor predisposición para la aparición de esta complicación en los enfermos sometidos a esofagectomía transhiatal. La radiología de tórax puede ser diagnóstica, pero son la tomografía axial computada y el estudio contrastado de intestino los que confirman el diagnóstico. El tratamiento se reserva para aquellos enfermos con distress respiratorio importante y complicaciones agudas como la oclusión intestinal. La mortalidad es elevada especialmente si se presenta una complicación aguda, disminuyendo notoriamente si se realiza diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Esophagectomy , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/diagnosis , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology
12.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; 33(4): 205-209, 2003. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-359985

ABSTRACT

Diaphragmatic traumatic chronic hernias are infrequent. Diagnostic can be difficult if don't exist suspicion and treatment is always by surgery. The aim of this paper is to present three cases and makes an actualisation in basis to our experience and the literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/surgery , Chronic Disease , Fatal Outcome , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/diagnosis , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complications
13.
J Postgrad Med ; 2001 Apr-Jun; 47(2): 108-10
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-116118

ABSTRACT

A 26-year-old, 30 weeks primigravida presented with a gastric fistula through a left intercostal drain, which was inserted for drainage of suspected haemopneumothorax following minor trauma. It was confirmed to be a diaphragmatic hernia, with stomach and omentum as its contents. On exploratory laparotomy, disconnection of the tube and fistulous tract, with reduction of herniated contents and primary suturing of stomach was carried out. Diaphragmatic reconstruction with polypropylene mesh was also carried out. Post-operative recovery was uneventful with full lung expansion by 3rd postoperative day. Patient was asymptomatic at follow-up 6 months.


Subject(s)
Adult , Diagnostic Errors , Drainage/adverse effects , Female , Gastric Fistula/etiology , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Humans , Iatrogenic Disease , Pregnancy , Surgical Mesh
14.
Med. UIS ; 12(1): 8-12, ene.-feb. 1998. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-231996

ABSTRACT

Este trabajo se realizó con el objeto de verificar la incidencia, espectro de presentación, utilidad de las ayudas diagnósticas y tratamiento de las hernias diafragmáticas traumáticas en el Hospital Universitario de San José de Popayán. Entre enero de 1987 y diciembre de 1996 ingresaron a este hospital 460 pacientes con diagnóstico de herida de diafragma, toracoabdominal y/o hernia diafragmática de los cuales se seleccionaron 54 con hernia diafragmática traumática comprobada. El 88.8 por ciento de los 54 pacientes con hernia diafragmática traumática se detectó antes de las 48 h postrauma; de éstos, el 39.6 por cientono presentaban síntomas e igual porcentaje sólo hipoventilación basal y/o dolor abdominal. El 31.2 por ciento de estos pacientes presentaban epiplocele transtorácico, hallazgo diagnóstico de hernia diafragmática traumática; el grupo más afectado fue el de los hombres entre 20 y 39 años. El trauma abierto fue la causa en el 92.6 por ciento. El diagnóstico se alcanzó en un alto número de casos con métodos convencionales, la laparoscopia y toracoscopia son útiles para el diagnóstico temprano de herida diafragmática oculta. Debe existir un alto índice de sospecha de herida en trauma toracoabdominal para diagnosticar tempranamente la hernia diafragmática traumática


Subject(s)
Humans , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/surgery , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/complications , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/diagnosis , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/physiopathology , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/rehabilitation , Abdominal Injuries/complications , Abdominal Injuries/diagnosis , Abdominal Injuries/etiology , Abdominal Injuries/surgery
15.
Med. UIS ; 9(3): 134-6, jul.-sept. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-232090

ABSTRACT

Se revisan retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de 621 pacientes a quienes se les practicó laparotomía exploradora por trauma durante el período de octubre 31 de 1990 a mayo 1 de 1993 en el Servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Universitario Ramón González Valencia. Del total, 167 pacientes (26.8 por ciento) presentan lesiones del diafragma. El principal mecanismo de lesión fue el arma cortopunzante en el 65.2 por ciento de los casos, y el arma de fuego con un 34.1 por ciento. Se analizan las indicaciones de cirugía, específicamente la exploración digital en heridas por arma cortopunzante, practicándose en un 43.1 por ciento de los pacientes, con sensibilidad del 92.1 por ciento y especificidad del 85.7 por ciento. Las complicaciones se presentaron en un 31.1 por ciento, siendo las más frecuentes la infección de la herida quirúrgica en un 8.38 por ciento. La mortalidad del total de pacientes de este estudio fue de 1.74 por ciento


Subject(s)
Humans , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/surgery , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/complications , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/diagnosis , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/physiopathology , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/rehabilitation , Abdominal Injuries/complications
17.
Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci ; 1991 Jul-Sep; 33(3): 139-41
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-29595
18.
Rev. argent. cir ; 55(5): 228-39, nov. 1988.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-69252

ABSTRACT

La sospecha de la presencia de una hernia diafragmática traumática, es el paso más importante para su diagnóstico. Se presenta una serie de 24 casos. Para evitar las complicaciones e intervenir a los pacientes inmediatamente, recurriéndose a una operación de menor magnitud, es necesario identificar la hernia lo más tempranamente posible. Se dan las pautas que deben decidir la elección de la vía de acceso abdominal o torácica y se describen las ventajes e inconvenientes que presenta


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/surgery , Abdominal Injuries/complications , Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic/etiology , Thoracic Injuries/complications , Wounds, Penetrating/complications
20.
J Postgrad Med ; 1970 Apr; 16(2): 96-100
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-116303
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